Morphometry of lakes, ponds and streams Morphometry is the measurement of external form or shape of a selected water body. Although the terms are generally synonymous, the difference between these tools is based on the usage of the pour points data. The MCT crosses the basin in northwest-southeast direction with subwatersheds like WS3, WS15, WS16, and WS17 lying on its hanging wall and WS18 and WS19 lying on its footwall. Moreover, a few other 4th and 5th order tributaries also follow the trend of MCT and MT fault zones. Although the circular subwatersheds are more efficient in the discharge of run-off [56], they are at greater risk from flood hazard because they have a very short lag time and high peak flows than the elongated basins [57]. DOI link for Drainage basin morphometry. The RHO coefficient () and bifurcation ratio () values for Supin basin range from 0.62–2.10 (Table 1) and 2 to 5.14 (Table 2), respectively. Comments from the anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Drainage Morphometry Evaluation for Kodavanar sub basin to understand the Interrelationships in Morphological Systems and in Process-Response Systems , International journal of Geon. The HI value of Supin basin (0.58) indicates that the basin is at a youthful stage of development. Mean Stream Length (Lsm) The mean stream length is calculated by dividing the total stream length of given order and number of stream of that order (Table-2 and Fig.5). Areal aspect of morphological study of drainage basin includes the description of arrangement of areal elements, i.e., law of stream areas, relationship between watershed area and the stream length, relationship between watershed area and the discharge, basin shape (outline form) etc., mainly. Nautiyal, M. D. (1994). Most of the subwatersheds showing high HI are located on the hanging wall of MCT and MT (Figures 2(b) and 7(b)) which also indicate a subsurface control on the maturity of the Supin River basin. To understand the drainage basin dynamics and their usefulness in watershed prioritisation and management in terms of soil erosion studies and groundwater potential assessment and flood hazard risk reduction in mountainous rivers, morphometric analysis of a Himalayan River (Supin River) basin has been taken as a case study. In addition, an increase in the incision of the streams along the weak and fractured fault zones results in increase in the sediment load of the streams which in turn may trigger flash floods. Per the lie of channels, drainage systems can fall into one of several categories, known as drainage patterns.These depend on the topography and geology of the land.. All forms of transitions can occur between parallel, dendritic, and trellis patterns. The variation of between successive stream orders of Supin River basin is due to the greater number of streams belonging to lower orders indicating that the basin is still in its youthful stage of development (Table 2). Area 7, 217-22. The Watershed process solves this problem by first locating and filling the depressions. Pethick, J.S. The and values of Supin basin range from 0.27 to 1.88 and 0.44 to 2.55, respectively (Table 1). HI has been calculated for all the subwatersheds of Supin River basin. The size of a drainage basin acts upon the amount of water yield; the length, shape and relief, affect the rate at which water is discharged from the basin and total yield of sediments. The application of geomorphic principles to understand and quantify environmen- The small basins effectively mark the coastline, with smaller numbers in interior drainage areas such as the The Nile is highlighted in black. Moreover, it may also help in assessing the groundwater potential of the region and delineating effective water harvesting sites. What is the difference between the Basin and Watershed tools from the Spatial Analyst toolbox? Here the hypsometric curve has been treated as a cumulative probability distribution and statistical moments have been used to describe the curve quantitatively [58]. Two 5th order streams of Har Ki Dun Gad and Ruinsara Gad combine to form Supin, the 6th order stream in the basin (Figure 2(a)). Table 1: Drainage Basin Morphometry Worksheet Sr.No. Drainage density (Dd), drainage frequency (Df), ratio of 1st-order streams to the total number of streams of all orders (N1/N), length of 1st-order streams (L1), and spacing ratio (R) of main streams were calculated in the study area. Morphometric properties of a drainage basin are quantitative attributes of the landscape that are derived from the terrain or elevation surface and drainage network within a drainage basin. The result thus generated provides adequate knowledge base required for decision making during strategic planning and delineation of prioritised hazard management zones in mountainous terrains. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Subscribe now to access pointwise, categorized & easy to understand notes on 42 key topics of Optionals IAS Mains Geology covering entire 2020 syllabus. INTRODUCTION Geomorphology is the study of cause plus development of landforms or attributes cause by physical and chemical process going on at or near the ground surface. Stream order-wise frequency distribution of number of streams along with their mean stream length, drainage area, and bifurcation ratio. The extraction of drainage network has been done from Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (90 m) data using TNTmips software environment. Edited By Andrew Goudie. Tributary A river which joins a larger river. Note each stream channel ... 17. The generation of depressionless DEM is always the preparatory step for morphometric analysis of drainage basin. High values of form ratio () and elongation ratio () are found in WS3, WS5, WS17, WS19, WS21, WS23, and WS25, whereas low values are found in WS11, WS12, WS13, WS14, and WS16 (Figures 4(b) and 4(c)). The total basin relief (Z-z) of Supin basin is 4,296 m (Table 1). Thus, it is important to note that the use of geomorphic evidence for detecting lateral propagation of an anticline is more reliable where a uniform rock type crops out over the entire anticline. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. 1. 3. The different parameters were then correlated to understand how they interact with and influence each other. Accordant versus discordant drainage patterns. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi... No public clipboards found for this slide, Student at Global College of Engineering & Technology, student of global college engg& tech :kadapa. Review the attached topographic map of the hypothetical Mingo Creek drainage basin. Positive value of density skewness is an indication of fluvial dominance over the landforms of this region. The relief properties in morphometric analysis bring into consideration the influence of aspect and height over a large basin area. These fault zones are usually zones of weak, fractured, and brecciated zones which are easily incised by streams. 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